Fisheries waste management a novel approach for technology transfer: A review

Jyoti Verma1*, Priyanshu Kumar2, Anamta Rizvi1, Sailendra Kumar1, Pooja Adwani2, Vishwajeet1, Jiwan Singh2

1Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow- 226025, India

2Department of Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow- 226025, India

Cite this article: Verma, J., Kumar, P., RizviA., Kumar, S., Adwani, A., Vishwajeet, Singh, J., 2025. Fisheries waste management a novel approach for technology transfer: A review. Appl. Sci. Innov. Technol. 4 (2), 37-46.

Highlights

  • Fish waste is nutrient rich but imposes major challenges in its safe disposal.
  • It acts as a biofertilizer, boosting soil fertility and curbing environmental harm.
  • Composting and valorization cut fish waste impact and create revenue sustainability.

Abstract 

Fish waste is an important waste product from the fishing or aquaculture industries. It is made up of by products such as fish heads, bones, skin, scales, viscera and blood, as well as nutrients like protein, lipids and minerals. Resources made from fish waste can be used to make variety of goods. For example, high protein content can be given to livestock and aquaculture rations as value-added products, mostly from fish heads and bones. On the other hand, fish waste is a great source of omega-3 and other necessary fatty acids that are needed to produce fish oil and other nutritional goods are derived from the fish. The biochemical content of fish waste, which includes enzymes and bioactive substances, has the potential for usage in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Using these components not only reduces environmental impact, but also produces value-added goods that help to promote sustainable waste management practices.

Keywords: Fish by products; Sustainable fisheries; Bioactive compounds; Omega-3 fatty acid extraction; Fish collagen; Fish silage

Scope: Environmental Science & Technology

References

Abelson, A., 2005. Coral recruitment to the reefs of Eilat, Red Sea: temporal and spatial variation, and possible effects of anthropogenic disturbances. Marine Poll. Bulle. 50, 576-582.

Ahmad, A., Hassan, S.W., Banat, F., 2022. An overview of microalgae biomass as a sustainable aquaculture feed ingredient. Food security and circular economy. Bioeng. 13(4), 9521-9547.

Akinnawo, S.O., 2023. Eutrophication: Causes, consequences, physical, chemical and biological techniques for mitigation strategies. Environ. Chall. 12, 100733

Ayilara, M.S., Olanrewaju, O.S., Babalola, O., Odeyemi, O., 2020. Waste management through composting: Challenges and potentials. Sustain. 12 (11), 4456.

Bae, Y., 2024. Regulating Fisheries Subsidies in the WTO. Korea Inter. Law Rev. 67, 39-73.

Bashir, I., Lone F.A., Bhat R.A., Mir S.A., Dar Z.A., Dar S.A., 2020. Concerns and threats of contamination on aquatic ecosystems. Biorem. Biotechnol. 27, 1-26.

Cooke, S.J., Nguyen, V.M., Dettmers, J.M., Arlinghaus, R.O.B.E.R.T., Quist, M.C., Tweddle, D. E.N.I.S., Cowx, I.G., 2016. Sustainable inland fisheries–Perspectives from the recreational, commercial and subsistence sectors from around the globe. Conserv. Biol. 20, 467-505.

Coppola, D., C. Lauritano, F. P. Esposito, G. Riccio, C. Rizzo, D. de Pascale, 2021. Fish Waste: From Problem to Valuable Resource. Mar. Drugs 19 (2), 116.

Dubey, S., Meher, P., Shetty, A., Umtol, A., Kirloskar, S., 2021. Waste Management in Fishery Industry: A Review. Inter. J. Eng. Res. Technol. 9(3), 206-209.

Hlordzi, V., Kuebutornye, F.K., Afriyie, G., Abarike, E.D., Lu, Y., Chi, S., Anokyewaa, M.A., 2020. The use of Bacillus species in maintenance of water quality in aquaculture: A review. Aquac. Reports, 18, 100503.

Ioannis, S.A., Aikaterini, K., 2008. Fish industry waste: treatments, environmental impacts, current and potential uses. Inter. J. Food Sci. Technol., 43(4), 726-745.

Isibika, A., Vinnerås, B., Kibazohi, O., Zurbrügg, C., Lalander, C., 2021. Co-composting of banana peel and orange peel waste with fish waste to improve conversion by black soldier fly (Hermetiaillucens (L.), Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae. J. Clean. Prod., 318,128570.

Islam, J., Yap, E.E.S., Krongpong, L., Toppe, J., Peñarubia, O.R., 2021. Fish waste management: Assmt.on potential prod. and utilization of fish silage in Bangladesh, Philippines and Thailand. FAO,Aquac. Fish Circular No. 1216

Jin, M., X. Wang, T. Ren, J. Wang, J. Shan, 2021. Microplastics contamination in food and beverages: Direct exposure to humans. J. Food Sci. 86(7), 2816-2837.

Kapsalis, V.C., Kalavrouziotis, I.K., 2021. Eutrophication-A Worldwide Water Quality Issue. In: Zamparas, M.G., Kyriakopoulos, G.L. (eds) Chemical Lake Restoration. Springer, Cham., 21.

Khairul, U.T., N.I.M. Idris, R.M. Shah, I.H.M. Nawi, N. Che Soh, 2025. Evaluation of Minerals Composition in Fish Bone Meal as Organic Fertilizer Development for Sustainable Environment. Curr. World Environ., 19(3), 1260–1268.

Koyande, A.K., Show, P.L., Guo, R., Tang, B., Ogino, C., 2019. Bio-processing of algal bio-refinery: A review on current advances and future perspectives. Bioeng. 10(1), 574-592.

Kumar, D.J.P., Mishra, R.K., Chinnam, S., Binnal, P., Dwivedi, N., 2024. A comprehensive study on anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste: A review on configurations, operating parameters, techno-economic analysis and current trends vol.5, 33-49.

Kurniasih, S.D., Soesilo T.E.B., Soemantojo, R., 2018. Pollutants of Fish Processing Industry and Assessment of its Waste Management by Wastewater Quality Standards. E3S Web of Conferences 68 (03006).

Kvasnicka, J., K.S. Stylianou, V.K. Nguyen, L. Huang, W.A. Chiu, G.A. Burton, J. Semrau, and O. Jolliet, 2019. Human health benefits from fish consumption vs. Risks from inhalation exposures associated with contaminated sediment remediation: Dredging of the hudson river. Environ. Health  Perspect. 127 (12), 127004.

Lan, J., P. Liu, X. Hu, and S. Zhu, 2024. Harmful Algal Blooms in Eutrophic Marine Environments: Causes, Monitoring, and Treatment. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). Water 16 (17), 2525.

Marinho-Soriano, E., Azevedo C.A.A., Trigueiro T.G., Pereira D.C., Carneiro M.A.A., Camara, M.R., 2011. Bioremediation of aquaculture wastewater using macroalgae and Artemia. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 65(1), 253-257.

Mehta, N.K., S. Sharma, H.H. Triphati, K. Satvik, K. Aruna, B. K. Choudhary, D. K. Meena, 2023. Conversion of fish processing waste to value-added commodities: a waste to wealth strategies for greening of the environment. Organic Farming: Global Perspectives and Methods, Second Edition: 421-466.

Mo, W. Y., Man, Y. B., Wong, M.H., 2018. Use of food waste, fish waste and food processing waste for China’s aquaculture industry: Needs and challenge. Sci. Total Env., 613, 635-643.

Monteiro, A.,D. Paquincha, F. Martins, R. P. Queirós, J.A. Saraiva, J. Švarc-Gajić, N. Nastić, C. Delerue-Matos, and A. P. Carvalho, 2018. Liquid by-products from fish canning industry as sustainable sources of ω3 lipids. J. of Environ. Manage.13, 219, 1-9.

Musyoka, S., 2016. Concept of microbial bioremediation in aquaculture wastes; Review. Inter. J. Adv. Sci. Tech. Res. 5(6), 1-10.

Nagarajan, R.S. Thirumalaisamy, and E. Lakshumanan, 2012. Impact of leachate on groundwater pollution due to non-engineered municipal solid waste landfill sites of Erode city, Tamil Nadu, India. Iran. J. Environ. Heal. Sci. Eng., 9(1), 35.

Nama, S.A., Shanmughan, B.B., Nayak, S., Bhushan, Ramteke, K., 2023. Impacts of marine debris on coral reef ecosystem: A review for conservation and ecological monitoring of the coral reef ecosystem 189, 114755.

Nelluri, P., Rout, R.K., Tammineni, D.K., Joshi, T.J., Sivaranjani, S., 2024. Technologies for management of fish waste & value addition. Food Humanity  2, 100228.

Nichols, C.R., Zinnert J., Young, D.R., 2019. Degradation of coastal ecosystems: Causes, impacts and mitigation efforts. Complex and Impermanent, Coas. Res. Libr. 27, 119-136.

Oliveira, Lima J.E., Dimitri da Silva, Kuprych, V., Faria, P.M., Teixeira, C.,Ferreira Cruz, E., Miguel Rosado da Cruz, A., 2021.Traceability system for quality monitoring in the fishery and aquaculture value chain. J. Agri. Food Res. 5, 100169.

Ozogul, F., Cagalj, M., Šimat, V., Ozogul, Y., Tkaczewska, J., Hassoun, A., Phadke, G.G., 2021. Recent developments in valorisation of bioactive ingredients in discard/seafood processing by-products. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 116, 559-582.

Rajeswari, C., Padmavathy, P., Aanand, S., 2018. Composting of Fish Waste: A Review. Inter. J. Appl. Res., 4 (6), 242-249.

Rana, Singh, S.A., Surasani, V.K.R., Kapoor, S., Desai, A., and Kumar, S., 2023. Fish processing waste: a novel source of non-conventional functional proteins Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 58(5), 2637-2644.

Rebah F.B., Miled N., 2012. Fish processing wastes for microbial enzyme production: a review. Biotech. 3(4), 255-265.

Rifath, M.R.A., a Thariq, M.G.M., 2023. Fish Waste to Fish Meal: Potential, Sustainability and Emerging Issues Related to Microplastics and Regulations. J. Fish. Environ. 47(2), 1-18.

Sahana M.D., Balange A.K., Layana, P., Naidu, B.C., 2023. Chapter Five – Harnessing value and sustainability: Fish waste valorization and the production of valuable byproducts.Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 107,175-192.

Saleh, N.E., Wassef, E.A., Abdel-Mohsen, H.H., 2022. Sustainable Fish and Seafood Production and Processing, Editor(s): Charis M. Galanakis, Sustainable Fish Production and Processing, Pages 259-291, Academic Press.

Santana, T.M.F., Dantas D.M., Monteiro Dos Santos D.K., Kojima J.T., Pastrana Y.M., De Jesus R.S., Gonçalves L.U., 2023. Fish Viscera Silage: Production, Characterization, and Digestibility of Nutrients and Energy for Tambaqui Juveniles. Fishes 8(2), 1-11.

Shavandi, A., Hou Y., Carne A., McConnell M., Din A.A.E., Bekhit, 2019. Marine Waste Utilization as a Source of Functional and Health Compounds. Adv. in Food and Nutri. Res., 87, 187-254.

Silva, Y. D. S., & Naval, L. P., 2018. Segregation of solid waste from a fish-processing industry: a sustainable action. Rev. Ambient.Água, 13(2), e2155.

Sumaila, U.R., Bellmann, C., Tipping, A., 2016. Fishing for the future: An overview of Chall. and opp. Marine Policy, 69, 173-180.

Sumithra, T.G. and Amala, PV., 2020, Fish waste management: turning fish waste into healthy fertilizer. In: Aquaculture Worker. ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, pp. 131-140.

Thilsted, S.H., Thorne-Lyman, A., Webb, P., Bogard, J.R., Subasinghe, R., Phillips, M.J., Allison, E. H., 2016. Sustaining healthy diets: The role of capture fisheries and aquaculture for improving nutrition in the post-2015 era. Food Policy, 61, 126-131.

Thirukumaran R., Anupriya V.J., Krishnamoorthy S., Ramakrishnan P., Moses   JA., Anandharamakrishnan, C., 2022. Resource recovery from fish waste: Prospects and the usage of intensified extraction technologies. Chemosphere 299, 134361.

Turner, A.M., Chislock M.F., 2010. Blinded by the stink: nutrient enrichment impairs the perception of predation risk by freshwater snails. Ecol. Appl. 20, 2089-2095.

Venugopal, V., 2021.Valorization of Seafood Processing Discards: Bioconversion and Bio-Refinery Approaches. Front. Sustain. Food Syst. 5:611835.

Yamamoto, M., Saleh, F., Ohtsuka, A., Hayashi, K., 2005. New fermentation technique to process fish waste. Anim. Sci. J. 76(3), 245-248.

Zhang, J., Ç. Akyol, E. Meers, 2023. Nutrient recovery and recycling from fishery waste and by-products. J. Environ. Manage. 348, 119266.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *